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Cable. A
group of individually insulated conductors in twisted
or parallel configuration, with or without an overall
covering.
Cable Assembly. A completed cable and
its associated hardware ready to install.
Cable Filler. The material used in multiple
conductor cables to occupy the spaces formed by the assembly
of components, thus forming a core of the desired shape
(normally cylindrical.)
Cabling. The twisting together of two
or more insulated conductors to form a cable.
Cabling Factor. Used in the formula for
calculating the diameter of an unshielded, unjacketed
cable. D=Kd, where D is the cable diameter, K is the factor
and d is the diameter of one insulated conductor.
Capacitance. Storage of electrically
separated charges between two plates having different
potentials. The value depends largely on the surface area
of the plates and the distance between them.
Capacitance, Direct. The capacitance
measured directly from conductor to conductor through
a single insulating layer.
Capacitance, Mutual. The capacitance
between two conductors with all other conductors, including
shield, sort circuited to ground.
Capacitance, Unbalance. An inequality
of capacitance between the wires of two or more pairs
which result in a transfer of unwanted signal from one
pair to others.
Capacitance, Unbalance To Ground. An
inequality of capacitance between the ground capacitance
of the conductors of a pair which results in a pickup
of external source of energy, usually from power transmission
lines.
Capacitive Coupling. Electrical interaction
between two conductors caused by the capacitance between
them.
Carrier. The basic woven grouping of
a braided shield, consisting of one or several parallel
ends.
Cathode. Negative pole of an electric
source.
Cathodic Protection. The control of the
electroytic corrosion of an underground or underwater
metallic structure by the application of an electric current
through a sacrificial anode in such a way that the structure
is made to act as a cathode of an electrolytic cell.
CATV. An acronym for Community Antenna
Television.
CCTV. Closed Circuit Television.
CEBEC. Belgium approval agency; Comite
Electrotechnique Beige Service de la Marque.
CENELEC. European standards agency; European
Committee for Electrotechnical Norms.
Center-to-Center Distance. See Pitch.
Certificate of Compliance (C of C). A
certificate which shows that the product being shipped
meets customer’s specifications. Multi/Cable is willing
to send C of C's upon request.
Certified Test Report (CTR). A report
providing actual test data on a cable. Tests are normally
run by a Quality Control Department, which shows that
the product being shipped conforms to test specifications.
Characteristic Impedance. The impedance
that, when connected to the output terminals of a transmission
line of any length, makes the line appear infinitely long.
The ratio of voltage to current at every point along a
transmission line on which there are no stranding waves.
Charge. The quantity of electricity held
statically in a condenser or on an insulated conductor.
Charging Current. The current produced
when a DC voltage is first applied to conductors of an
unterminated cable. It is caused by the capacitive reactance
of the cable, and decreases exponentially with time.
Charging Time. The time required for
the voltage between two conductors of a cable to acquire
a value equal to 98.2% of the magnitude of an instantaneously
applied DC voltage change.
Circuit. The complete path through which
a current flows or part of the complete path, such as
one conductor. Circuit Sizes. A popular term for building
wire sizes 14 through 10 AWG.
Circular Mil. The area of a circle one
mil (.001") in diameter, 7.845 x 10-7 sq. in. Used in
expressing wire cross sectional area.
Coat. To cover with a continuous layer
of compound (such as varnish) for purposes of finishing,
protecting or enclosing. Usually comprises variable degrees
of impregnation depending on the nature of the substance.
Coating. A material applied to the surface
of a conductor to prevent environmental deterioration,
facilitate soldering or improve electrical performance.
Cold Flow. Permanent deformation of the
insulation due to mechanical force or pressure (not due
to heat softening.)
Cold Test. Any test to determine the
performance of cables during or after subjection to a
specified low temperature for a specified time.
Color Code. A system for circuit identification
through use of solid colors and contrasting tracers. Multi/Cable
can manufacture to virtually any color code. We can also
provide color matching if necessary.
Common Axis Cabling. In multiple cable
constructions, a twisting of all conductors about a "common
axis" with two conductor groups then selected as pairs.
This practice yields smaller diameter constructions than
does a separate axis construction, but tends to yield
greater susceptance to EMI and ESI.
Common Mode. (Noise), caused by a difference
in "ground potential." By grounding at either end rather
than both ends (usually grounded at source) one can reduce
this interference.
Compact Stranded Conductor. A unidirectional
or conventional conductor manufactured to a specified
diameter, approximately 8 to 10% below the nominal diameter
of a noncompact conductor of the same cross sectional
area.
Compatibility. The ability of dissimilar
materials to exist in mutual proximity or contact without
changing their physical or electrical properties.
Composite Cable. A cable consisting of
two or more different types or sizes of wires. Multi/Cable
specializes in composite cables.
Compound. An insulating or jacketing
material made by mixing several ingredients.
Concentric Stranding. A central wire
surrounded by one or more layers of helically wound strands
in a fixed round geometric arrangement.
Concentricity. In a wire or cable, the
measurement of the location of the center of the conductor
with respect to the geometric center of the surrounding
insulation.
Conductance. The ability of a conductor
to carry electric current. It is the reciprocal of resistance
and is measured in ohms.
Conductivity. The capability of a material
to carry electrical current-usually expressed as a percentage
of copper conductivity (copper being 100%).
Conductor. An uninsulated wire suitable
for carrying electrical current.
Conduit. A tube or trough in which insulated
wires and cables are run.
Connector. A device used to physically
and electrically connect two or more conductors.
Contact. The part of a connector which
actually carries the electrical current, and are touched
together or separated to control the flow.
Continuity Check. A test to determine
whether electrical current flows continuously throughout
the length of a single wire or individual wires in a cable.
Control Cable. A multiconductor cable
made for operation in control or signal circuits.
Copolymer. A polymer formed from two
or more types of Monomers.
Cord. A small, flexible insulated cable.
Core. In cables, a component or assembly
of components over which additional components (shield,
sheath, etc.) are applied.
Corona. A discharge due to ionization
of air around a conductor due to a potential gradient
exceeding a certain critical value.
Corona Effect (of A.C.) In wiring, the
effect produced when two wires of other conductors having
a great difference of voltage are placed near each other.
Corona Loss. A loss or discharge which
occurs when two electrodes having a great difference of
pressure are placed near together.
Corona Resistance. The time that the
insulation will withstand a specified level of field-intensified
ionization that does not result in the immediate complete
breakdown of the insulation.
Corona Test. A test to determine the
ability of cable to withstand the formation of corona
under an increasing applied voltage and to extinguish
corona when a corona-producing voltage is reduced.
Corrosion. The deterioration of a material
by chemical reaction or galvanic action.
Crazing. The minute cracks on the surface
of plastic materials.
CRCS. An acronym for continuous rigid
cable support. Synonymous with tray.
Creep. The dimensional change with time
of a material under load.
Creepage. Electrical leakage on a solid
dielectric surface.
Crosstalk. Signal interference between
nearby conductors caused by pickup of stray energy. It
is also called induced interference.
Cure. See Vulcanization.
Current. The rate of flow of electricity
in a circuit, measured in amperes.
Current-Carrying Capacity. The maximum
current an insulated conductor or cable can continuously
carry without exceeding its temperature rating. It is
also called ampacity.
Current Penetration. The depth a current
of a given frequency will penetrate into the surface of
a conductor carrying the current.
Cut-Through. Resistance of solid material
to penetration by an object under conditions of pressure,
temperature, etc.
Cycle. The complete sequence of alteration
or reversal of the flow of an alternating electric current.
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